Philippines was the most advanced Southeast Asian country with the highest per capita GDP until about the early 1960s. Indonesia overtook Philippines in GDP per capita in the mid-1980s. The difference between the two countries is the elite stake in the country. The Indonesian elite built the national system, whereas the Filipino elite took their money to the US.
10 years after The Hague’s arbitration ruling, rival nations continue to manoeuvre for control in the South China Sea. This series explores the region's evolving geopolitical landscape, unpacking the deepening alliances challenging Beijing and the strategic moves China is prepared to make in response.
Philippines was the most advanced Southeast Asian country with the highest per capita GDP until about the early 1960s. Indonesia overtook Philippines in GDP per capita in the mid-1980s. The difference between the two countries is the elite stake in the country. The Indonesian elite built the national system, whereas the Filipino elite took their money to the US.
10 years after The Hague’s arbitration ruling, rival nations continue to manoeuvre for control in the South China Sea. This series explores the region's evolving geopolitical landscape, unpacking the deepening alliances challenging Beijing and the strategic moves China is prepared to make in response.